I Spy Something Red
Could Your Child Be Sensitive
to Red Food Dye?
By Deborah Boehle
When a friend first told Lori Larowe, of Troy, Mich., that
her 4-year-old daughter's undesirable behavior might be caused
by a reaction to red food dye, she was skeptical.
"I had three kids, and none of them had any allergies
that I knew of," says Larowe. "I had never even heard
of kids being allergic to red dye, but since I had nothing to
lose, I decided to try it."
Larowe was amazed by the change in her child's behavior after
red dye was eliminated from her diet.
"Prior to this, I had been having to send her to her
room once or twice or more a day because of her crying, screaming,
kicking, tantrums, etc.," Larowe says. "I've had her
off red dye for a couple months now and I can probably count
on one hand the number of times she's gotten into trouble in
that time."
Such stories do not surprise Jane Hersey, author of Why Can't
My Child Behave? and national director of the Feingold Association,
a support group for parents of children who cannot tolerate artificial
food additives and may be sensitive to specific foods.
child eating spaghetti Hersey says she hears stories like
Larowe's every day, from mothers whose children were diagnosed
with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or who wet
the bed chronically or suffer debilitating migraines, and when
the offending food or food additive was removed from the diet,
the child's symptoms disappeared.
"What we deal with in most people is not an allergic
response but a sensitivity," says Hersey. "If your
family moved to a city that was very polluted, different family
members would react differently. One might have an asthmatic
attack. Another would get a headache, but you wouldn't say you're
allergic to pollution."
Hersey became interested in this field when she discovered
her own children reacted to certain food additives.
"My daughter's reaction to a single gum ball was very
extreme," says Hersey. "If you had seen her earlier
in the day, you would say she was a normal little child, but
if you saw her after her reaction started, you would have said
she was severely emotionally disturbed."
After removing artificial colors and additives from their
diet, Hersey says her husband's migraine headaches also disappeared.
Although he previously suffered from migraines that would keep
him in bed for days, he has now been migraine-free for 25 years.
Currently there are only seven dyes approved by the Food and
Drug Administration, all made from petroleum. Red dye #3 can
be used as a pesticide.
"It's been used for years," says Hersey. "If
you spray it on manure piles, it will kill fly eggs."
Yet when the FDA tried to take it off the market, the makers
of fruit cocktail lobbied to keep it available: It is the only
red dye that does not bleed. According to Hersey, fruit cocktail
makers said it was necessary because if the cherries were removed
from their products, sales dropped.
Although red dyes #3 and #40 are the only ones that can be
used in food, other red dyes can be used in cosmetics and medicine.
Some of those dyes have also been used as pesticides or to kill
marijuana plants.
"If your child gets Tylenol, they can be consuming dyes
that are too harmful to be put in food," says Hersey. "Where's
the logic there? If someone is not supposed to be exposed to
this, why are we exposing a small, sick child to it?"
Although the dye industry justifies its use of such dyes by
saying the quantity is small, Hersey says that is like saying
a little bit of arsenic is not harmful. Furthermore, dyes used
in medicines do not have to be listed on the labels.
Dr. Ronald Kleinman, professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical
School and chief of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
at Massachusetts General Hospital, says there may be some children
who are bothered by artificial dyes, but he does not believe
they are responsible for a large number of children who have
been diagnosed with ADHD or other behavior disorders.
"It's very hard to pin down food dye as a major cause
of attention deficit disorder," says Kleinman. "No
child needs red food dye to survive. It's not essential to life,
so for any given child, if a parent wants to do that experiment
and they see that there's some marked behavior improvement, I'm
not going to argue with them about that."
child eating ice cream Studies have shown that some children
have classic allergic reactions to red and yellow food dyes,
but Kleinman would like to see more scientific studies done to
correlate food dyes with behavior problems in children.
Kathy Bratby, RN, MSN, a clinical assistant professor at the
State University of New York at Stony Brook School of Nursing
and the president of the Feingold Association, says her son's
first grade teacher validated the correlation between her child's
behavior and food dye at a school party where the boy consumed
an artificially colored drink.
"The teacher saw it within 20 minutes of him drinking
a couple cups of it (the drink)," says Bratby. "She
said, 'I had a different child, running around the room, bouncing
off the walls.'"
Bratby encourages parents to look at diet first if they have
a child with behavior problems or a chronic medical problem,
such as headaches or bedwetting.
"Before you use medicine, use this simple method first
and see if it does play a role," says Bratby.
"We are not anti-medicine, but why would you treat something
with medicine when you don't know what you're dealing with?"
says Bratby. "You have to know what you've got before you
pronounce a diagnosis."
Ironically, Hersey says Ritalin -- which is the most common
drug given to children with ADHD -- contains yellow dye, which
could exacerbate the problem for children who are sensitive to
it.
Larowe did a lot of research on childhood depression, obsessive
compulsive disorder and other mental diseases when trying to
figure out what was wrong with her daughter. She also talked
to her daughter's pediatrician, who offered no answers.
"I am so thankful to my friend who told me about (the
possible problems with red dye)," Larowe says. "The
time I spend with my daughter is now so much more enjoyable.
I actually did not like being with her a lot of the time before
discovering her allergy. She was so unhappy, and it made the
rest of the family unhappy, too."
Although Bratby and Hersey agree that not all cases of ADHD
or other behavioral problems are caused by artificial dyes, they
believe it is such a simple theory to test on an individual child,
it is worth the effort.
"We certainly don't think that food additives are the
answer or the only culprit, but we think it's a mistake not to
take them into account as a huge factor, a big piece of the puzzle,"
says Hersey.
"I feel that all parents should be more aware of red
dye and what it can do to some children," says Larowe. "I
would like to spread the word to as many people as I can, and
hopefully help other families who are in the same situation I
was in
Minerals are essential to
life itself!
|